Earth observation is the gathering of data about physical, chemical, and biological systems via remote-sensing technologies that emphasise the collection, analysis, and presentation of data.
There are many types of Earth Observation. Firstly, the numerical measurements taken by thermometers, wind gauge, land survey images etc., which form the ground level earth observation.
Secondly, the images of radar or sonar and others from the ocean or ground-based instruments.
Thirdly, the Radar images and other images taken from remote-sensing satellites. Finally, decision-support based tools based on processed information. These types of Earth observations are widely used in many places. The Applications include weather forecast, biodiversity, and wildlife tracking, land-use change measuring, monitoring and managing of natural disasters, addressing emerging disease and other health risks, and predicting climate change.
Nowadays, realising the importance of Earth observation, many remote satellites are being launched. In addition to that, Sophisticated in-situ instruments located on the ground, and balloons, etc. are generating data comprehensively. This shows that the quality of Earth observation has increased rapidly over these years. Also, earth observations has got more technologically sophisticated in recent years. We will look into more details in the coming articles.